Martin Luther: Influential Preacher and Reformist :: Biography Biographies Essays

Martin Luther: Influential Preacher and Reformist Luther was born in Eisleben, Germany, the son of Hans Luther, who worked in the copper mines, and his wife Margarethe. He went to school at Magdeburg and Eisenach, and entered the University of Erfurt in 1501, graduating with a BA in 1502 and an MA in 1505. His father wished him to be a lawyer, but Luther was drawn to the study of the scriptures, and spent three years in the Augustinian monastery at Erfurt. In 1507 he was ordained a priest, and went to the University of Wittenberg, where he lectured on philosophy and the Scriptures, becoming a powerful and influential preacher. On a mission to Rome in 1510--11 he was appalled by the corruption he found there. Money was greatly needed at the time for the rebuilding of St. Peter's, and papal emissaries sought everywhere to raise funds by the sale of indulgences. The system was grossly abused, and Luther's indignation at the shameless traffic, carried on in particular by the Dominican Johann Tetzel, became irrepressible. As professor of biblical exegesis at Wittenberg (1512--46), he began to preach the doctrine of salvation by faith rather than works; and on 31 October 1517 drew up a list of 95 theses on indulgences denying the pope any right to forgive sins, and nailed them on the church door at Wittenberg. Tetzel retreated from Saxony to Frankfurt-an-der-Oder, where he published a set of counter- theses and burnt Luther's. The Wittenberg students retaliated by burning Tetzel's, and in 1518 Luther was joined in his views by Melanchthon. The pope, Leo X, at first took little notice of this disturbance, but in 1518 summoned Luther to Rome to answer for his theses. His university and the elector interfered, and ineffective negotiations were undertaken by Cardinal Cajetan and by Miltitz, envoy of the pope to the Saxon court. The scholar Johann Eck and Luther held a memorable disputation at Leipzig (1519); and Luther began to attack the papal system more boldly. In 1520 he published his famous address An den christlichen Adel deutscher Nation (Address to the Christian Nobility of the German Nation), followed by a treatise De captivitate Babylonica ecclesiae praeludium (A Prelude concerning the Babylonian Captivity of the Church), which also attacked the doctrinal system of the Church of Rome. A papal bull containing 41 theses was issued against him. He burned it before a multitude of doctors, students, and citizens in Wittenberg. He was excommunicated, and Charles V, Holy Roman Emperor, convened the first Diet at Worms in 1521, before which Luther was called to retract his teachings.

Bat Case Report

Executive Summary BAT is a technology that sells financial software to individuals and organizations. BAT’s success had attracted a number of competitors. BAT differentiated itself by committing to free tech support for the life of the product. BAT started its call center operations in 1987 with 6 technicians which grew to over a 100 technicians by 2002. However, the call center has been under pressure in terms of long waiting times for customers. Such poor service was beginning to take its toll on the company’s reputation.We recommend that BAT should implement the Fast Track proposal in order to improve customer service and the company’s bottom line. We understand that free technical support is BAT’s value proposition and central to its business model, but we will show with our analysis why this is the best approach to follow. Qualitatively, 1. BAT will still maintain free support with Fast Track. Fast track will only create market segmentation. Customers on top of the market pyramid who are readily willing to pay can be tapped. . Fast Track will convert the call center from a cost center into a profit center. With the revenue being generated out of Fast Track calls, BAT can staff the call center with more technicians to improve service levels for standard callers. Current Situation BOP Team 1 is consists of 8 customer service technicians and the arrival rate of customers is 22. 5 customers/hour. The average time to deal with one customer is 18. 2 minutes. Therefore, the service rate capacity per technician is 3. 2967 customers/hour.After running the Steady-State, Infinite Capacity Queues model, the average waiting time of customers is 0. 14979 hour, which equals to about 9 minutes and there will be in average 3. 37 customers waiting in the queue. Please refer to Appendix 1 for details. Since the arrival rate and the service capacity rate cannot be shortened, increasing number of technician is the only way to shorten the average wai ting time down to less than 1 minute. We ran the model again by adding more technicians one by one, and we found that the average waiting time decrease down to about half minutes at 11 technicians.Please refer to Appendix 2 for details. Fast Track We considered different staffing plans and ran Queuing Macro for average wait time. We considered adding servers and keeping one queue, and other scenarios with dedicated Fast Track Servers. We ran Queuing Macro under five different staffing scenarios: (Please note that we have dedicated Fast track servers in Scenarios 4 and 5) Scenario No| No of Standard Servers| No of Fast Track Servers| 1| 8| 0| 2| 9| 0| 3| 10| 0| 4| 7| 1| 5| 7| 3| The following results were observed:Refer to Appendix 3 for spreadsheet calculations. As observed in the data, Scenario 2 and 3 succeed in keeping Average waiting for track customers to less than 1 minute. Scenario 2 uses less number of resources. Scenario 2 (9 technicians) is the best staffing level, without dedicated servers for Fast Track. Economics of Fast Track We’ve now established that Scenario 2 and 3 keep average wait time to less than 1 minute to help meet the Fast Track Guarantee. In Scenario2, The average server utilization is 75%, which is an adequate level.The additional yearly net revenue that can be obtained ranges from $54,325 to $376,300 depending if 10% or 40% of customers become Fast Track customers. In Scenario 3, The average server utilization is 68%, which is not as good as in the previous scenario. The additional yearly net revenue that can be obtained is also less attractive, ranging from $1,325 to $323,300. Also considering a scenario where we keep 11 technicians, The average server utilization decreases to 62%. The additional net revenue/loss that can be obtained per year is now not so attractive, ranging from a net loss of 51,675 to a net revenue of $270,300. Scenario 2 (9 Servers) offers the best revenue opportunities. Free Service for Fast customers waiting over 1 minute. We did some simulations to see what happens if BAT offers Fast Track service, charging $2 / minute, but giving the service for free if the customer waits over 1 minute. According to the â€Å"Queuing† macro, with 1 additional server there is a 30. 7% chance that any given customer (whether Fast Track or Standard) will wait more than 1 minute.Considering that 10% of these customers are Fast Track individuals, we obtain an arrival rate of 30. 7% * 10% * 22. 5 customers/hr = 0. 69 customers / hr. On the other hand, considering that 40% of customers are Fast Track individuals, we obtain an arrival rate of 30. 7% * 40% * 22. 5 customers/hr = 2. 7 customers / hr This means that, on average, the number of Fast Track customers who will wait over 1 minute ranges from 0. 69 / hr to 2. 7 / hr. In other words, roughly anywhere from 1 to 3 Fast Track customers per hour will be waived from the Fast Track fee.As seen on Appendix â€Å"xxxxx† (Table 4), this rep resents a loss of annual revenue ranging between $2,197 and $8,786. However, despite declines in revenue, this fee-waiver option will surely improve customer’s experience and customer loyalty. Therefore, we recommend Scenario 2 (hiring 1 additional server) in order to implement Fast Track, charging $2 / minute and including the fee-waiver option if waiting time exceeds 1 minute. Service Contracts vs Pay per call There are several aspects to consider when deciding if BAT should offer service contracts or just pay-per-call.Firstly, offering charged technician support goes against BAT’s original value proposition, however, pay-per-call maintained free service option. Also, pay-per-call could differentiate itself from the industry norm. It is easier for customers to accept. BAT has been offering free technician service to support its product since the founding of the company. Free technician support is part of BAT’s value proposition to customers. While charging pay -per-call service is already deviating from BAT’s core value, following the industry norm to offer service contracts could negatively impact the value proposition of BAT.Secondly, offer service contracts require higher investment caused by increased volume of customer calls. With pay-per-call service, customer will only call technician support when they are encountering problems that are urgent and customer can not only solve by themselves in a timely fashion. And since the call is charged on the minute basis, customers are more likely to keep the call short. Whereas, with service contracts, customers could call technician support with any question, and tend to stay on the line longer that they actually need to.There will be an increase of number of phone calls if BAT decides to offer service contracts. The increase of number of phone calls and prolonged time for each phone call will require BAT to invest heavily in terms of human resource and training. Overall, in terms of e conomic value and flexibility in operation, the Pay-per-call option is more preferable than service contracts. Pay-per-call requires less investment in human resource and training, also it has the flexibility to not charge customer, if their waiting time exceeds 1 minute.

Consumer Perception towards Organic Food Products in India Essay

Consumers worldwide are becoming health conscious and are concerned about nutrition (Hart, 2000) and the quality of food consumed. Consumers are also increasingly concerned with food safety issues taking into consideration, the recent salmonella case in Germany and elsewhere. Gil, Gracia and Sanchez (2000) have investigated that consumers are getting health conscious and are paying more attention to quality of food consumed. Therefore, food must deliver an added value that are sought after by consumers besides basic hedonistic and functional needs such as nutrition, taste, health, favorable price-quality ratio, etc., in the selection of food. This added value may be perceived in the form of ecological, social and individual bene? t. A study on consumer perception towards organic food products may add insight into the nascent but emerging organic food industry in India. The review of related literature in the area of organic food products and consumer perception studied has provided many insights for the study. It has also provided direction in designing the present study. A number of researchers have identi? ed various factors that in? uence consumer perception of organic food products mainly in developed countries. Some studies have also been undertaken in Asian countries like Malaysia and Indonesia. Very few researchers have attempted to focus in detail the various factors that in? uence consumer perception towards organic food. Having reviewed several studies and having identi? ed the gap, the investigator felt an imperative need to undertake the present investigation. Keywords: Demographic Factors, Organic Food Products and Psychographic Factors In? uencing Consumer Perception Organic Food in India The organic food market in India is at a nascent stage. Country speci? c research undertaken by A. C. Neilsen in 2006 has indicated that Indians are among the top ten buyers of food with health supplements but lack access to organic food products. Due to high logistic cost & low volume operation, organic food products are costly. However, India is an emerging player in the export market with billions of export potential. Also the domestic market is characterized by limited retail presence, low certi? ed branded produce and a small range of organic product offerings with respect to varieties though marginal growth is becoming evident. Some of the exclusive retail outlets selling organic food products in and around Bangalore are Hypermart, Spar, Spencer’s, ADITYA Birla group’s More outlet etc. Branded organic food products like ProNature, Navadarshanam, ITC’s Aashirvaad Organic Spices, etc. , are also available at most super-markets. Arogya, Jaivika Krishik Society, Econet, Janodaya, Era Organics, Khnadige, Foodworld Gourmet, Koshy’s Departmentals, organ, Green Channel, Namdhari’s Fresh, Green Fundas, Savayava Siri, Health Fo od, Srinidhi Nysargika Thota, Iha Naturals, Tibetian Organic, Iskon, Plant Rich, Jaiva and 2 4 Letter Mantra. 304 Business Management and Information Systems Literature Review Organic food is a topic of great interest in the USA (Greene, 2000), Europe (Food and agriculture Organization, 1999) and the market is fast growing in other parts of the globe (Yusse? and Willer, 2002). Crutch? eld and Roberts (2000) expressed that the last one decade has witnessed growing public concern towards issues such as health, nutrition and safety. Introduction of genetically modi? ed organisms, spread of Escherichia coli infections, etc. , have lead to the association of risk with the consumption of conventionally grown produce amongst consumers (Williams and Hammitt, 2001). Makatouni (2002) studied that organic food is closely associated with not just health, but also with social, economic and ecological sustainability. Organic food products is amongst the fastest growing areas of the food market in Europe, Northern America, Australia and Japan with sales exceeding $114. 5 billion in 1999 (Ebrahimi, 2007) with plent y of international growth potential according to agricultural & food industry experts. Organic food market in the South East Asian region constitutes average consumption of 20% per annum, while the organic industry is valued at US $25 million (Ramli, 2005;Organic Monitor, 2006). Research Gap Based on the above literature review, the following research gaps could be identi? ed and have been suggested as follows: 1. Fear over food scandals and certain technological advances such as genetic manipulation and food irradiation has heightened consumer concern on safety issues giving rise to a growing demand for quality guarantees and additional information about production methods. Despite concern towards safety of food consumed, consumers do not completely trust organic food products on this parameter and hence it is imperative to  conduct a study to identify the present scenario. 2. Country speci? c research undertaken by A. C. Neilsen has indicated that, ‘Indians amongst the top ten buyers of food with â€Å"health supplements† globally but lack access to organic food products. ’ Statement of the Problem The market for organic food products in India has emerged because of the following two reasons. †¢ To tap the lucrative export markets for organic products in the developed countries. †¢ Organic processed food products represent higher ‘added value’. †¢ Producers and Consumers general concern for environment and ideologies Incidentally, in India, most of the organic produce is grown to be exported to the $25-30 billion global market. The rest is sold at predetermined retail outlets. So, if the trend for organic p roducts is growing among producers then, its bene? ts must naturally reach the local population of a countr y. This will also ensure that the food products are nutrient rich as processing required would be minimal from the point of origin & consumption. Objectives of the Study The objective of the study is on consumer perception towards organic food products in Bangalore are as follows: a. To study the organic food market in Karnataka b. To study the relationship between demographics of customer and factors of perception of consumers towards organic food products Consumer Perception Towards Organic Food Products in India 305 c. To identify the in? uence of factors of perception on the overall satisfaction of customers towards organic food products . Hypothesis of the Study The following hypothesis was used to test the effect of perceptual factors on the overall satisfaction of consumers towards organic food p roducts. †¢? Hypothesis? 1:? There is no significant in? uence of factors on the overall satisfaction of customers towards organic food products †¢? Hypothesis? 2:? There is no signi? cant difference between demography of customers & factors of percep tion. †¢ Hypothesis 3: There is no signi? cant correlation among factors of p erception Sample Size For the present study, questionnaires were distributed to around 300 respondents, from whom 246 correctly completed questionnaires have been obtained, yielding a response rate of 81. 9 percent. Table 1. Distribution of the Sample According to Gender, Age, Educational Quali? cation, Average Spending Per Month and Frequency of Consumption. The Table 1 describes male constitution as 59% and females as 41%, the distribution of sample with reference to age wherein maximum respondents were below 30, according to education, maximum 306 Business Management and Information Systems respondents are graduates and 25% of the respondents are post graduates. fourthly, average spending is more than 1000 per month. Lastly, Maximum numbers of respondents consume organic food products on a weekly basis followed by a minimum number of respondents consuming organic food products once a month. The least amount of consumption falls in the category of once a month consumption pattern. General Findings Following are the ? ndings related to this study on consumer perception towards organic food products in Bangalore. 1. Consumers of organic food products evaluate product quality with the price theyp a y . 2. Demographic variables namely gender has a positive impact on consumer perception towards organic food products while difference in educational quali? cations do not have a signi? ca nt impact. 3. There is signi? cant impact of psychographic factors on overall satisfaction of consumers towards organic food products. 4. Consumers consider organic food products as safe for consumption. 5. The respondents have also felt that organic food products are healthy to consume 6. Consumers generally prefer to consume grain based organic food products followed closely by organic grains and organic fruits. Implications of the Study It is important to study factors that have an influence on consumer perception towards organic food products. This study helps consumers and producers/marketers of organic food products to understand the importance of various factors on overall satisfaction towards organic food products. An understanding of consumer perception leads to the creation of better marketing strategies. Here the marketers can focus on appropriate pricing and promotional methods particularly to increase the visibility of organic products to make a positive impact on their perception so as to increase potential sales in the domestic market. Consumers are both quality conscious and price sensitive. Marketers and producers should collectively work towards bringing quality produce in the market to gain market acceptance. At the same time, both marketers and producers should work in consensus with the pricing factor which is perceived to be one of the most important factors in? uencing consumer perception as well as their overall satisfaction towards organic food products. This will help marketers to formulate a strong communication plan in order to influence consumer perception towards organic food products. This study has identi? ed availability of information and promotional activities undertaken by marketers to be one of the important factors influencing consumer perception towards organic food products in Bangalore. Marketers can look into ways of increasing consumer knowledge on organic food products and help them differentiate the bene? ts of consumption of organic versus nonorganic food products. Conclusion The results of the study show that there is a signi? cant relationship between various psychographic factors on the overall satisfaction of consumers towards organic food products. This implies that both producers and marketers need to concentrate on speci? c factors so as to improve the market potential for organic food products and thereby contributing to the general well being of the society and the larger good to en viro nm ent. Consumer Perception Towards Organic Food Products in India 307 References [1] Allen, W. M. (2000). The attribute mediation of product-meaning approach to the In? uence of human values on consumer choices, Advances in Psychology R esearch, l, pp. 31–76. [2] Arzen, I. (1991). The theory of planned behavior. Organizational Behaviour and Human Decision Processes, 50, pp. 179–211. [3]Baker, S., Thompson, K. and Engelken, J. (2004). Mapping the values driving organic food choice: Germany vs. the U. K. and the U. K. vs. Germany. European Journal of Marketing, 38(8), pp. 995–1012. [4] Brown, E. , Dury, S. and Holdsworth, M. (2009). Motivations of consumers that use local, organic fruit & vegetable box schemes in Central England and Southern France. Appetite, 53, pp. 183–188. [5] Cerjak, M. , Mesic, Z. , Kopic, M. , Kovacic, D. and Markovina, J. (2010). What motivates consumers to buy organic food: Comparison of Croatia, Bosnia Herzegovina, and Slovenia. Journal of Food Products Marketing, 16, pp.

Jada Braithwaite Essays - Gender Studies, Human Sexuality

Jada Braithwaite Essays - Gender Studies, Human Sexuality Jada Braithwaite Professor-Sharon Preiss ENG101 As time progresses, gender roles and gender stereotypes have been biased because of the way individuals view humans. This tends to occur because as human s we objectify people due to our environment , the things our parent teach us and the way we are raised , television and social media. Women are typically discriminated against in the basis of sex. Social media objectify women by showing their sexual side exploiting them, in order to improve their product and sell it to make money. In relationships men are portrayed as the bread winners and the dominant ones , while women are viewed as the house wives and care takers. Women and men in the past were slightly similar but different in some ways. In the 1900s, people were more sexist, women were treated unequally and men being the dominant gender. Back then women rarely could get a job , the only choices of jobs they had were domestic servers, secretaries, nurses, teachers, salesclerk and factory workers. They had to work inside the houses, sewing, spinning, cleaning, and gardening. Women got lower paychecks than men and only gained up to sixty percent of what men did. In many areas women were not allowe d to inherit property or money. " For as long as society existed, men have been the hunter-gathers and women have been the domestic makers" (Sargent 5) Which However women stepped up and began to reclaim their rights as citizens, the right to vote was granted and access to education. Women showed themselves to be competent workers and, civic leaders. Many women did their best in trying to maintain a degree in autonomy, some wo men often ran their own small businesses from home by trading homemade cloth or food for cash or o ther goods. However women have seem to dominate in medical fields more than men, " while women have been broken into fields once dominated by men, such as business, medicine and law, men have been slower to pursue nursing, teach preschool, or take jobs as administrative assistants. Census data and surveys show that men remain rare in stereotypically feminine positions" (Reyes 7) As for men, in the past, they were considered stronger, intelligent, courageous and determined. Men were taught to be more aggressive. In marriages men were expected to rule over their wives and all property. Most men worked in factories and did hard labor. " Men got most of the factory jobs because you know... you know, 19 th century. It was then that the "cult of true womanhood" appeared, and the idea of motherhood as full-time profession became popular and accepted." (Sargent 6) This statement reinforces the ideas about how women are objectified in only being housewife's, meanwhile men are viewed as the hard workers and providers for families. As I notice in most rela tionships women seem to be more delicate and fragile in rela tionships. While men seem to do the labor work such as fixing things in the home while the women do the chores, take care of the kids and have a typical nine to five. While men have nine t o fives , come home and do work around the house such as fixing leaks in the pipes, painting and other things. Compared to my family relationships the females and male work to together as one, the women are capable of doing anything that the men are cable of such as doing house work taking care if and taking care of the children. In my family women and men are not stereotyped we are all expected to work together as one. In conclusion in the past and the future men and women and objectified and stereotyped based on their sex, even in relationships women are portrayed to be housewife's and do those duties, however men are portrayed as the bread winners and hard workers.

Sometimes, if we are lucky enough to get a job Essay Example

Sometimes, if we are lucky enough to get a job Essay Example Sometimes, if we are lucky enough to get a job Paper Sometimes, if we are lucky enough to get a job Paper Fulfillment of our needs, desires, and goals in life entail that we become employed and receive paychecks. Sometimes, if we are lucky enough to get a job that we want, we experience less stress. As it follows that although the chosen work is tedious, the catch is that we are doing what we like. Regrettably, for majority of us, the job that we prefer we do not usually end up getting. Â  When we work, we are conditioning ourselves physically and emotionally for the tasks ahead. The load of our work has tendencies to become heavier as the day progresses, and we find ourselves becoming stressed by the increasing work load and our decreasing energy. Stress, as defined by Panzarino, are forces from the outside world affecting the individual (Panzarino, 2008). This condition is a common health problem that is being encountered by 80% Americans with their jobs, according to the American Institute of Stress. It’s effects on the employees range from physical symptoms like sleep disturbances, headache, and fatigue, to emotional symptoms like nervousness, anxiety, and overeating (Panzarino, 2008). These physical and emotional symptoms can become a hindrance to our job performance. Fortunately, there are easy ways on how to overcome stress. Stress management includes regular exercise, meditation, eradication of drug use, moderate alcohol use, and incorporation of a routine inside our household and work space (Panzarino, 2008). These are simple and easy steps, but if we value our health and would not want stress to become a limitation or health problem in our work we can opt to do these. Our careers may not be the ones that we have dreamed of when we were still young, but they help us grow and become mature in a lot ways. Our jobs also provide us with the financial needs necessary to keep us comfortable in our daily living. Stress is one of the many employment problems encountered. Like stress, most of these problems have solutions, and rectifying it is totally up to us. References: American Institute of Stress. (2000). Job Stress. Retrieved September 4, 2008, from stress.org/job.htm Panzarino, P. (2008). Stress. Retrieved September 4, 2008, from medicinenet.com/stress/article.htm

Its Me vs It is I

Its Me vs It is I Its Me vs It is I Its Me vs It is I By Maeve Maddox Reader Ali Abuzar wants us to: elaborate the difference and usage of 1.It is me. 2.It is I. 3.This is me. 4.This is I. 5.This is Mr. XYZ. Items 1. and 2: It is me. It is I. Back in the 18th century, when scholars were fiercely debating English grammar in an effort to ascertain and fix it, one of the proposed rules relating to pronouns was that a pronoun in the nominative case (what we now call a subject pronoun) must follow a form of to be: It is I. It is we. It is they. This rule is based on a rule that exists in Latin. The existence of this rule in any language, however, does not prevent most English speakers from saying Its me. When someone phones me and says Is Maeve Maddox there? my response is always This is she. Thats the way my momma brought me up to answer the phone. She also taught me to say To whom do you wish to speak? However, in face to face conversation, Im much more likely to say Its me. Its me is idiomatic English. It is I is not. Thats not to say that the usage of to be followed by a nominative pronoun is either dead or deserves to be. Its just not used by all speakers on all occasions. Theres a familiar hymn whose chorus contains the line Here I am, Lord. Is it I, Lord? Writers of fiction often use the differing forms as character tags. Items 3. and 4: This is me. This is I. The only context for This is me that I can think of (except maybe in answering the telephone) would be in describing photos to another person: This is me the summer after I graduated. This is me when I joined the Marines. This is I would sound strange in this context. Item 5: This is Mr. XYZ. This is the normal construction for such a statement. Ex. This is the author of my favorite novel. This is Mr. Biceps, my gym teacher. Want to improve your English in five minutes a day? Get a subscription and start receiving our writing tips and exercises daily! Keep learning! Browse the Grammar category, check our popular posts, or choose a related post below:4 Types of Gerunds and Gerund PhrasesAt Your Disposal90 Verbs Starting with â€Å"Ex-†

Compare or contrast the way something is done in the United States and Essay

Compare or contrast the way something is done in the United States and the way it is done in another country like ( DUBAI , UNITED ARAB EMIRATES ) - Essay Example They will meet to rally their leaders in the United States and even have meals with them in restaurants when they campaign. In the United Arab Emirates these types of relationships would not happen. In the UAE, power and wealth are also important together. It is understood that there can be distance between wealthy business people and leaders. Because of this the people in the UAE would find it to be acceptable that leaders have money. In the United States, the people having a close relationship with their leaders makes them want to have wealth also. The people often ask for wealth to be handed out for different needs with much activity when it does not happen. For example, if people are having a hard time with their profit they will start to demand money to be redistributed. This is when they protest and when they become more active in getting what they want. The United States leaders have little choice but to try to meet these demands or face consequences of protesting people. In the United Arab Emirates, the people are less likely to be loud against their leaders about economy issues. It is again this power distance that is most noticeable. With high power distance, there are some common ideas. In the UAE, because people are not close to their leaders they will have quiet and private conversations about their unhappiness. They will speak with family and relatives for this or workplace partners. It is only when situations get really out of control and unfair that people in the UAE would make loud appeals to their leaders. The United States is the same way, in comparison. People often have spokespersons in the USA and let them do their protesting for them. Other discussions happen in private areas with close friends and company. This is when people in communities begin making signs and getting together to make sure change happens they way they want it. So there is a form of collectivism that happens with high power distance